Crypto Casino: Player Psychology, Responsible Tools and the Top UK-Facing Operators in 2026

A crypto casino lets you deposit, wager and withdraw using Bitcoin, Ethereum, USDT and other digital assets instead of pounds. The market has grown quickly since 2021, and with it the pressure on players to manage their own behaviour without a bank's safety rails underneath them.

This guide looks at the mechanics of crypto gambling from the player's head first: how speed, anonymity and volatility change decision-making, what self-exclusion and deposit limit tools actually do, and which operators serving UK players offer real controls rather than decorative ones.

We also list and compare more than 40 licensed and offshore brands, from bet365 casino and Grosvenor Casinos to Stake-style crypto natives like Mystake, Goldenbet and NineWin, so you can weigh product, licence and tooling side by side.

What a Crypto Casino Actually Is in 2026

How does a crypto casino differ from a standard UK-licensed site?

A crypto casino processes deposits and withdrawals in cryptocurrencies, usually settling in minutes rather than days. A standard UK-licensed site holds funds in GBP through Open Banking or cards under Gambling Commission rules. Crypto sites typically run offshore licences, which changes both the speed and the regulatory cover you receive.

Three structural differences matter to a player. Settlement time: a Bitcoin withdrawal on NineWin or Donbet can clear in under 10 minutes, while a card withdrawal from Ladbrokes casino takes 1–3 working days. Currency exposure: your balance moves with the coin, not with sterling. Verification depth: KYC is often lighter at signup, heavier at cashout.

FeatureUK-licensed (GC)Crypto casino (offshore)
Licence examplesGambling Commission, MGACuraçao, Anjouan, Kahnawake
Deposit speedInstant to 5 minutes1–15 minutes, network dependent
Withdrawal speed24–72 hours typical5–30 minutes typical
CurrencyGBP, EURBTC, ETH, USDT, SOL, XRP
UK player accessDirectVPN sometimes used, T&Cs vary
Deposit limit toolsMandatory, 24-hour coolingOptional, implementation varies

Which cryptocurrencies do crypto casinos accept most often?

Bitcoin still leads by volume, but stablecoins dominate transaction counts on sites like Rolletto, Velobet and Fat Pirate. USDT on Tron and USDC on Ethereum cover roughly two-thirds of deposits on multi-coin platforms, because players want the speed without the price swing during a session.

Beyond the big two, the practical menu is short. Ethereum for smart-contract casinos, Litecoin and Bitcoin Cash for cheap transfers, Solana for speed, XRP for near-zero fees, and TRON for USDT rails. Some sites add DOGE or SHIB for marketing reasons; almost nobody serious bets their rent on them.

Why do crypto casinos sit outside UK Gambling Commission rules?

The Gambling Commission licenses operators that accept UK residents and hold a UK licence. Most crypto casinos hold a Curaçao eGaming or Anjouan licence instead, which allows crypto settlement but does not bind them to UK rules on stake limits, advertising or mandatory affordability checks.

Practical consequence: a UK player depositing at Mystake or Goldenbet is protected by Curaçao's dispute process, not by the UK's Alternative Dispute Resolution scheme or the GamStop network. That gap is exactly where player psychology gets dangerous, because the tools you may already rely on simply are not wired into these platforms.

Player Psychology: Why Crypto Changes Betting Behaviour

How does betting with crypto affect decision-making?

Crypto removes the friction of seeing money as money. A balance shown as 0.042 BTC reads as a technical figure, not as £2,600, and research on mental accounting consistently shows that abstract denominations weaken loss aversion. Players bet larger nominal amounts when the unit is unfamiliar.

Speed compounds the effect. With fiat, a deposit takes minutes and gives you a natural pause. With USDT on TRC-20, a top-up lands in 90 seconds, often while you are still tilted from a loss. That loop, impulse to refill to impulse to bet, is where most sessions go wrong.

Volatility adds a third layer. Hold BTC overnight and your "winnings" can move 4–8% by morning. Some players enjoy that double exposure; others chase it, treating a price drop as a reason to bet bigger to recover value they never actually lost at the table.

What makes crypto gambling sessions run longer?

Three mechanics extend session length on crypto casinos: instant rebuy, no bank statement visibility, and gamified loyalty tiers denominated in tokens. Sites like Casumo, Duelz and Voodoo Dreams push progress bars that reward volume, and progress bars are notoriously hard to abandon at 80%.

The absence of a bank record matters more than it sounds. A £500 card deposit shows up in your banking app and often triggers a mental check. A 0.008 BTC transfer to a wallet shows up as a blockchain line item, which most people never reconcile weekly.

Time cues disappear too. Traditional casinos close. Online lobbies do not, and crypto casinos add 24/7 support in multiple time zones, so there is no natural session boundary. Players on Goldenbet and NineWin report sessions crossing the 3-hour mark far more often than on Coral or Betfred.

Does anonymity make players gamble more recklessly?

Yes, in a measurable way. Sites with lighter KYC at signup see faster first deposits and higher early-session stakes, because the social and financial visibility that normally slows people down is reduced. Anonymity removes the audience, and behaviour changes when nobody is watching.

That said, most crypto casinos still run full KYC before large withdrawals, typically at thresholds between €2,000 and €5,000 or equivalent. The anonymity is partial and transactional, which can create a false sense of cover that ends abruptly when a withdrawal gets held for documents.

For UK players the sharper risk is self-exclusion portability. GamStop blocks apply to UK-licensed brands including bet365 casino, William Hill casino, Sky Bet casino and Ladbrokes casino. They do not touch Mystake, Goldenbet, Donbet or Rolletto, so a self-excluded player can reopen access in minutes.

Responsible Gambling Tools on Crypto Casinos

Which responsible gambling tools are actually available offshore?

Tooling on crypto casinos is thinner than on UK-licensed sites but not absent. The common set is deposit limits, loss limits, session timers, cool-off periods and self-exclusion. Implementation quality varies widely: some brands wire them into the wallet layer, others bury them in account settings.

Reality check by operator type. Multi-coin platforms like Rolletto, Velobet and NineWin usually offer deposit and loss caps in fiat-equivalent terms. Crypto-native brands with token economies tend to offer only cool-off and self-exclusion, because a hard cap in BTC is awkward to enforce across volatility.

ToolUK-licensed normCrypto casino typical
Deposit limitSet at signup, 24h raise delayAvailable, instant raise on many sites
Loss limitMandatory optionOffered on Rolletto, Velobet, NineWin
Session timerPop-up at set intervalManual, often player-initiated
Cool-off24h / 7d / 30d24h / 7d common
Self-exclusion6 months to 5 years, GamStopSite-level only, no network
Affordability checksTriggered by spend thresholdsRare, generally absent

Do deposit limits change long-term player behaviour?

They do, but only when the raise is delayed. A limit you can lift in one click is a suggestion, not a control. UK rules force a 24-hour cooling period before any increase takes effect, and that single delay measurably reduces chasing behaviour in the sessions immediately after a raise request.

Where crypto casinos fall short is exactly there. Several offshore platforms allow instant limit increases, which converts a protective tool into a frictionless path back to over-staking. If you use a crypto casino, set your own limit in your head before the session and treat any in-app raise as a warning sign.

Practical rule of thumb from the market: pick a weekly cap you would be comfortable losing entirely, convert it to BTC or USDT at the current rate, and never raise it within 48 hours of a losing session. The 48-hour buffer is where the tilt lives.

How does self-exclusion work across UK and offshore brands?

UK self-exclusion runs through GamStop and covers every operator holding a UK licence, including bet365 casino, William Hill casino, Sky Bet casino, Ladbrokes casino, Paddy Power casino, Coral casino, Betfred casino and Grosvenor Casinos. One registration blocks all of them for 6 months, 1 year or 5 years.

Offshore self-exclusion is per-site. Ask Mystake to close your account and only Mystake closes it. Goldenbet, Donbet, Rolletto and Velobet each run their own process, usually via live chat or email, with response times from 24 hours to a week.

Players who use both ecosystems need two layers: GamStop for the UK side, plus a personal register of offshore accounts. Browser-level blocking software such as Gamban or BetBlocker, which works independently of any operator, covers the gap that no single licence can.

Can crypto casinos verify affordability without bank data?

Not really, and that is the core regulatory problem. UK operators read bank feeds and transaction history to judge whether a £2,000 monthly spend is proportionate. A crypto casino sees only on-chain deposits, which tell it nothing about income, savings or existing debt.

Some platforms attempt soft checks through wallet-age analysis and chain analytics, flagging addresses funded minutes before a first deposit. That catches casual risk, not genuine unaffordability. It is a fraud control, not a harm control, and should not be mistaken for one.

Which means the burden sits with the player. Set your own affordability line, hold it in a separate wallet used only for gambling, and never fund that wallet from savings, credit or borrowed coins. If the balance empties, the session ends. Simple. Brutal. Effective.

Top Crypto Casinos and UK Brands Compared

Which crypto casinos do UK players actually use?

The offshore tier that sees the most UK traffic in 2026 combines multi-coin deposits, fast cashouts and a licence that at least publishes dispute routes. Mystake, Goldenbet, NineWin, Rolletto, Velobet, Donbet and Fat Pirate sit in this group, with Curaçao or Anjouan licences and withdrawals commonly under 30 minutes.

Game depth matters too. These platforms aggregate Pragmatic Play, NetEnt, Hacksaw, Evolution and Nolimit City, so the slot and live-dealer catalogue is comparable to UK-facing brands. The difference is regulatory cover and tooling, not the games themselves.

Deposit floors are low, typically 0.0001 BTC or 10 USDT, and welcome packages commonly run 100–200% up to a few thousand dollars in crypto equivalent. Wagering requirements sit between 25x and 40x, which is standard, though the crypto bonuses at the higher end tend to carry heavier playthroughs.

How do UK-licensed casinos compare for crypto users?

UK-licensed brands generally do not accept crypto directly. Some, like Betfair casino and Ladbrokes casino, allow deposits via crypto-linked cards or third-party processors, but the gambling account itself runs in GBP under Gambling Commission oversight.

That is not a drawback if your priority is player protection. It means mandatory stake limits, enforced cool-off periods, GamStop integration and access to the National Gambling Helpline referral pathway. For players who have struggled with control, this layer is worth more than transaction speed.

Brands in this tier include bet365 casino, William Hill casino, Sky Bet casino, Paddy Power casino, Coral casino, Betfred casino, Gala Bingo, Sky Vegas casino, Virgin Games casino, Grosvenor Casinos, Unibet casino, 888 Casino, Betway casino and LeoVegas casino. All hold a UK licence and all participate in GamStop.

Which brands offer the fastest withdrawals in crypto?

Speed leaders in 2026 are NineWin, Rolletto and Velobet, all reporting median crypto cashouts in the 5–15 minute range under normal network conditions. Bitcoin withdrawals slow during congestion; USDT on Tron stays fast almost regardless of market activity.

On the UK side, fastest fiat payouts come from bet365 casino and Sky Bet casino for e-wallets (under 12 hours) and from Grosvenor Casinos for card withdrawals (24 hours typical). Bank transfer remains the slow lane everywhere, at 1–5 working days.

OperatorLicenceMedian cashoutCrypto accepted
NineWinCuraçao8 minutesBTC, ETH, USDT, SOL
RollettoCuraçao12 minutesBTC, ETH, USDT, XRP
VelobetAnjouan15 minutesBTC, ETH, USDT, LTC
MystakeCuraçao20 minutesBTC, ETH, USDT, XRP
GoldenbetCuraçao25 minutesBTC, ETH, USDT, SOL
bet365 casinoUK GC4 hours (e-wallet)No direct
Grosvenor CasinosUK GC24 hours (card)No direct

What should you check before depositing at a crypto casino?

Four checks, in order. Licence and its public register entry. Withdrawal terms, especially maximum per-transaction and per-month limits. Bonus wagering, including game weighting on live dealer. And the presence of working deposit-limit and self-exclusion tools in account settings, not just in the footer text.

Fifth, check the token economics. If a site pushes its own token for "cashback", read how that token converts and whether it can be withdrawn. Several brands in 2026 use locked reward tokens that only unlock after wagering thresholds most players never reach.

Sixth, test the exit before the entry. Deposit a small amount, wager once, withdraw. If that round trip takes longer than stated or triggers surprise document requests, you have learned something valuable for the price of a coffee.

Game Types and Providers at Crypto Casinos

Which game providers power the biggest crypto casinos?

Pragmatic Play and Evolution anchor most lobbies, with NetEnt, Hacksaw, Nolimit City, Push Gaming, Play'n GO and Microgaming filling the rest. Live dealer tables run through Evolution, Pragmatic Live and Ezugi, and the crypto-specific provably fair titles come from smaller studios like BGaming and Spribe.

Provably fair mechanics deserve a mention because they are the one genuine technical difference. Each bet's outcome hash is published before the round and verifiable after, so you can confirm the result was not altered. It does not change the house edge, but it does remove one category of doubt.

Catalogue size at the top end runs 4,000–7,000 titles. That sounds impressive until you notice the same 50 games appear on 30 different sites, because everyone buys from the same aggregators. Variety of provider matters more than raw count.

Do crypto casinos offer live dealer tables?

Yes, and they are a major draw. Evolution's Lightning Roulette, Crazy Time and blackjack tables appear on Mystake, Goldenbet, NineWin and Rolletto, usually with limits from £0.10 to £5,000 per hand depending on the table.

Stablecoin betting suits live play particularly well. A session of 60 hands at £25 average stake is £1,500 of turnover; doing that in USDT keeps your exposure flat, whereas doing it in BTC adds a price risk on top of the game edge.

One caveat: live tables rarely count toward bonus wagering at full weight. Expect 10–20% contribution, sometimes zero. If your plan is to clear a welcome bonus on roulette, read the terms first, because most crypto casinos cap eligible games tightly.

Are crash games and provably fair titles worth playing?

Crash games like Aviator and JetX run house edges between 1% and 3%, which is competitive against slots at 3–6%. The trade-off is variance: outcomes are extreme, and most sessions end in a series of quick losses rather than a steady grind.

Provably fair dice and plinko titles from BGaming sit at the low end of house edge, around 1%, and let you verify every result. For players who care about transparency over spectacle, they are the cleanest product a crypto casino sells.

Psychologically, crash games are the fastest route to tilt. Rounds last 5–15 seconds, which means hundreds of decisions per hour. Any player using these should set a hard session timer before the first round, because the format is engineered to keep you clicking.

Bonuses, Wagering and Real Value

How do crypto casino welcome bonuses actually work?

Standard structure: a percentage match on first deposit, usually 100–200%, capped between 1 BTC equivalent and $5,000, with 25x–40x wagering. Some sites split it across 3–5 deposits; others attach free spins, typically 50–200 on named Pragmatic or Hacksaw slots.

The catch is always in the weighting. Slots count 100% toward wagering, live dealer 10–20%, and many table games 0%. A $500 bonus at 35x requires $17,500 of slot turnover before withdrawal, which at a 4% house edge costs roughly $700 in expected loss.

Compare that to a smaller no-wager offer. A $100 bonus with 10x wagering needs $1,000 turnover, an expected cost near $40. Smaller headline, better economics. The flashy number is rarely the good deal.

What wagering requirements should you expect in 2026?

The market norm for crypto bonuses sits at 30x–40x on the bonus amount, sometimes on deposit plus bonus. UK-licensed sites run lower, typically 20x–35x, and increasingly favour no-wager free spins as a regulatory-friendly alternative.

Time limits tightened in 2025–2026. Most crypto casinos now give 7–14 days to clear a welcome package; a few allow 30. Missing the window voids the bonus and often the winnings attached to it, so check the clock before you accept.

Maximum bet during wagering is another trap. Almost every operator caps it at $5 per spin or hand. Exceed that once and the bonus is voided, no appeal. Players who habitually bet £10+ per spin should decline the bonus entirely rather than risk it.

Do loyalty and VIP programmes justify larger deposits?

Usually not. Cashback tiers commonly return 5–15% of net losses weekly, but the thresholds to reach the upper tiers require turnover most recreational players will never hit. Reaching 15% cashback often means $50,000+ in monthly wagering.

Token-based VIP schemes add a second currency to track. Points convert to tokens, tokens convert to cash at rates that shift with the site's own token price. If you are depositing more to chase a tier, the tier is doing its job on you, not for you.

Healthy approach: take the cashback you get at your normal volume and ignore the ladder. The operators behind PartyCasino, MrQ casino, PlayOJO and 888 Casino all run loyalty schemes with the same structural incentive, licensed or not.

Payments, Wallets and Security

How do you fund a crypto casino safely?

Use a dedicated wallet. Not your long-term holding wallet, not an exchange hot wallet with your pension on it. A fresh non-custodial wallet funded only with what you plan to gamble keeps the blast radius contained if something goes wrong.

Exchange on-ramps in the UK still work through FCA-registered platforms, though the Financial Services and Markets Act 2023 tightened advertising rules for crypto firms in 2024–2025. Buying BTC or USDT and sending it to your gambling wallet takes under 10 minutes end to end.

Security hygiene: enable 2FA on the casino account, whitelist your withdrawal address where the site supports it, and never approve a signature you did not initiate. Most crypto casino losses come from phishing and address poisoning, not from the casino itself.

What are the real fees on crypto deposits and withdrawals?

Network fees dominate. Bitcoin transfers cost £1–£15 depending on congestion; USDT on TRC-20 runs £0.20–£1; Solana sits under £0.05. Crypto casinos themselves rarely charge a deposit fee, and withdrawal fees are typically flat or network-only.

Spread is the hidden cost. Converting GBP to crypto through an exchange with a 0.5–1% spread, then converting back, adds 1–2% round trip. Against a 1–3% house edge, that is a meaningful slice of your bankroll gone before a single hand is dealt.

Fiat comparison: a card deposit is free, an e-wallet withdrawal costs 0–1%, and a bank transfer costs £0–£5 but takes days. Crypto wins on speed and loses on conversion friction unless you already hold the coin for other reasons.

Is a crypto casino safe if it holds a Curaçao licence?

Curaçao's regulator restructured in 2023–2024, moving from sublicences to direct licences with published enforcement. That improved transparency, but the standard still sits below the UK Gambling Commission on player fund segregation, complaint handling and mandatory harm-prevention tooling.

Anjouan and Kahnawake licences are thinner still. Neither requires segregated player accounts to the degree the UK does, so in a worst-case insolvency your balance ranks as an unsecured claim. Keep only what you plan to play on any single site.

Practical middle ground: spread funds across two or three operators, prefer those with a Curaçao direct licence rather than an old sublicense, and treat any balance above a week's normal play as money at risk.

FAQ: Crypto Casino Questions Players Actually Ask

Is a crypto casino legal for UK players?

Playing at a crypto casino is not illegal for a UK resident, but the operator is not licensed for the UK market. You lose access to Gambling Commission protections, GamStop and UK complaint routes. Treat it as an offshore product with fewer safeguards, and never assume UK rules apply to your balance.

Can I use GamStop if I only play at crypto casinos?

No. GamStop only covers operators holding a UK licence, so it will not block Mystake, Goldenbet, Rolletto or Velobet. Players who need network-wide blocking should install Gamban or BetBlocker, which work at device level across every site regardless of licence.

Do crypto casinos pay out faster than UK sites?

Yes, consistently. Crypto withdrawals at NineWin, Rolletto and Velobet settle in 5–20 minutes, while UK e-wallet payouts take up to 12 hours and cards 24–72 hours. Speed is the main product advantage, and it is also the main risk, because it removes the cooling pause before a rebuy.

Are crypto casino bonuses better than UK casino bonuses?

Headline numbers are bigger; effective value often is not. A $2,000 crypto bonus at 40x wagering costs more in expected loss than a £50 UK bonus at 20x. Compare the wagering multiple and the game weighting, not the advertised amount.

Which cryptocurrencies are cheapest to deposit with?

USDT on TRC-20 and Solana are the cheapest practical options, at roughly £0.20–£1 and under £0.05 respectively. Bitcoin is the most expensive during peak congestion, sometimes above £15 per transfer. XRP and Litecoin sit in the middle at £0.01–£0.50.

Can a crypto casino refuse my withdrawal?

Yes, typically for incomplete KYC, bonus abuse flags or a mismatch between deposit source and withdrawal address. Offshore sites hold withdrawals pending documents more often than UK operators do, so complete verification early rather than at cashout time.

How do I set a deposit limit at a crypto casino?

Most offshore platforms place it under Account or Responsible Play settings, and limits are usually set in fiat-equivalent terms like $200 per week. Check whether increases apply immediately; if they do, set a stricter limit than you think you need, because the delay is what protects you.

Is it better to gamble in Bitcoin or in a stablecoin?

Stablecoins keep your bankroll flat, so your results reflect the games rather than the market. Bitcoin adds a second, uncontrolled variable: a 10% overnight price move can erase a winning session or inflate a losing one. Use BTC only if you already hold it and accept that exposure.

Choosing a Crypto Casino: A Practical Framework

What is the safest way to start at a crypto casino?

Start small and structured. Open a dedicated wallet, fund it with an amount you can lose entirely, register at one site, and set a deposit limit before your first bet rather than after your first bad session. Test the withdrawal path on day one.

Keep records. A simple spreadsheet with date, deposit, withdrawal and net result gives you the one thing crypto gambling strips away: a visible history. Weekly review takes five minutes and catches drift long before it becomes a problem.

Pair the account with device-level blocking software even if you do not think you need it. Gamban and BetBlocker are free or low-cost, install in minutes, and give you an off switch that does not depend on the operator's goodwill.

Which operator type fits which player?

If your priority is protection and you hold a UK bank account, UK-licensed brands remain the better choice: bet365 casino, William Hill casino, Sky Bet casino, Ladbrokes casino, Paddy Power casino, Coral casino, Betfred casino, Grosvenor Casinos, Unibet casino, 888 Casino, Betway casino, LeoVegas casino, Virgin Games casino and Sky Vegas casino all carry full GamStop integration.

If you already hold crypto, want fast settlement and accept thinner regulatory cover, the offshore tier is where the product is: Mystake, Goldenbet, NineWin, Rolletto, Velobet, Donbet, Fat Pirate, Casumo, Duelz, Voodoo Dreams and PlayOJO-style platforms with multi-coin wallets.

Hybrid players exist too. Some keep a UK account for slots and live tables under GC rules, and a crypto account for speed on sports or crash games. That split works only if you apply limits to both, separately.

What red flags should end your deposit immediately?

Four are decisive. No published licence number or a licence that cannot be found in the regulator's public register. Withdrawal terms that change between the promotions page and the terms page. No responsible gambling section at all, or one with no working limit controls. And support that cannot answer a direct question about cashout timing.

Fifth flag: aggressive affiliate-only bonuses with 60x+ wagering and a 3-day window. Those exist to convert traffic, not to serve players. Walk away.

Sixth: any site asking for your seed phrase, remote desktop access or a "verification deposit" in crypto. That is fraud, full stop, and no legitimate operator will ever request it.

How do you know when to stop using a crypto casino?

Set the markers in advance, while you are calm. Chasing losses more than twice in a month, raising a deposit limit within 48 hours of a losing session, borrowing to play, hiding activity from people close to you, or feeling a physical stress response during a session. Any one of those is a signal; two together is a pattern.

The response should be automatic rather than negotiated in the moment. Self-exclude on the site, install Gamban the same day, and if the behaviour sits on UK-licensed brands too, register with GamStop for 6 months or longer.

Support exists and it works. The National Gambling Helpline runs 24/7 on 0808 8020 133 for UK residents, GamCare provides live chat and a moderated forum, and Gordon Moody offers residential treatment programmes. Reaching out early is cheaper in every sense than reaching out late.

Responsible Gambling

Gambling with cryptocurrency is legal only for adults aged 18 or over in the United Kingdom, and the same age limit applies at every operator listed on this page. Under-18 accounts are closed on verification, and providing false age information forfeits any balance.

The National Gambling Helpline is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week on 0808 8020 133, free from UK landlines and mobiles. GamCare offers live chat, a moderated peer forum and one-to-one support, and self-assessment tools are available through the GamCare website.

GamStop is the UK's national self-exclusion register. One registration blocks access to every operator licensed by the Gambling Commission for periods of 6 months, 1 year or 5 years, and cannot be reversed once set. It covers bet365 casino, William Hill casino, Sky Bet casino, Ladbrokes casino, Paddy Power casino, Coral casino, Betfred casino, Gala Bingo, Sky Vegas casino, Grosvenor Casinos, Unibet casino, 888 Casino, Betway casino and every other UK-licensed brand.

Offshore crypto casinos are not part of GamStop. Players who use both ecosystems should add device-level blocking through Gamban or BetBlocker, set deposit limits on every individual account, and never fund gambling from credit, savings or borrowed cryptocurrency.

If gambling is causing harm to your finances, your relationships or your health, stop and speak to someone today: call 0808 8020 133, visit GamCare, or register with GamStop at gamstop.org.uk, because taking that step now costs nothing and the alternative costs far more.